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Economic Development in Kurdistan-Iraq

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The Kurdistan Region, a federal region within the republic of Iraq, is situated in the northern part of the country and borders Turkey, Iran, and Syria. The region consists of three provinces - Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, and Duhok. Kurdistan is technically inside Iraq, but the people who live there and the terrains are amazingly different from the rest of the country. It has its own distinct history and topography, which can be easily distinguished from other parts of Iraq. Therefore, no wonder why Kurdistan is commonly referred as "The Other Iraqi." Kurdistan emerged as a key player in the region in terms of politics and economy. Although economy in Kurdistan boomed earlier, 2003 is considered the hallmark of economic developments in the region right after the fall of Saddam regime. These economic developments are given fresh impetus that expedited the process of development in the light of political, social, and economic factors. Among many factors that contributed to the rapid economic developments in Kurdistan are investment, oil, and tourism. One factor that contributed to the rapid economic developments in Kurdistan is the investment. The investment has been highly promoted by the investment law. The authorities in Kurdistan ratified a new investment law in 2006, which has opened up the appetite of investors who competitively put their abilities in service of Kurdistan development. Under this law, the national and foreign investors are treated fairly and equally in terms of rights and taxes. According to Article 3 of the Investment law of Kurdistan "The foreign investor and capital shall be treated as the national investor and capital. The foreign investor shall have the right to own the entire capital of any project that he establishes in the region under this law (Law of Investment). This law has created a healthy climate that promotes investment in the Kurdistan region and permitted the investment of national and foreign capital collectively or individually in investment projects in a manner that contributes to the economic development process. Moreover, there are even additional incentives for investors who are willing to invest in projects in less developed areas on condition that national and foreign investors work jointly on a project. This is clearly highlighted by the author of "The Law of Investment in Iraq"  who argues that the law undoubtedly brings double effects; it boosts the development in less developed areas and also promotes local participation in the foreign investment projects as well (Sami Shubber 82-83). Accordingly, a sense of competition and cooperation prevailed in Kurdistan between local businessmen and international investors who eventually accelerated the pace of development in every aspect of life. The investment has been highly promoted by the foreign direct investment. The above-mentioned investment law has played a key role in the unprecedented inflow of foreign businesses into the region. Beside oil and gas companies, thousands of foreign companies are now contributing in the development of the region. In her article, Pamela Smith states that "Some 2000 foreign companies have registered to operate in Kurdistan, bringing a total of $24.6 billion in investment, not including oil and gas sector"  (51). The incentives that have been granted by the authorities in Kurdistan could attract the foreign direct investment into the region and add more vitality to the market and economy growth. These foreign companies and inves

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