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Therapeutic Cloning and Liver Failure

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Question How can Therapeutic Cloning help people with liver failure (Alpha 1 Antitrypsin Deficiency)? Response Whether it is an adult or a baby, it would be possible to experience liver failure and yes, it would be the same as risking our life because our liver is an important organ and organs are the most important part of our body. Without them, our systems won’t function properly, leading to an even more dangerous situation. Everyone wants to live long and live life to the fullest because the longer you live, the more things you can accomplish and by having liver dysfunction, all of the above is a moot point because the life is simply put to an end. Liver failure is now included as the 5th biggest killer in the United Kingdom and the number of people dying from it is rising by 20% over the past 10 years. Liver failure can either be caused by inflammation of cells (Hepatitis), Obstructed Bile (Cholestasis), or Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency (lack of the liver protein Alpha-1 Antitrypsin). The Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency is an inherited liver disease. If the parent carries this disease, the children would have a 66.67% possibility of carrying this disease.1 Starting with stem cells, stem cells are also specialized cells. Stem cells can divide to produce more stem cells by a process called Mitosis. This process separates the chromosomes in its nucleus into two identical sets of chromosomes. This process differ from Meiosis, which begins with one diploid cell containing two copies of each chromosomes which are one from the father and one from the mother. This diploid cell divides producing four haploid cells, these haploid cells, are known as male or female gamete. The resulting chromosome in a gamete cell is unique mixture from paternal and maternal DNA, which gives genetic diversity. If the parents have the Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency gene then by inheritance and meiosis processes, there are chances that the offspring would inherit the Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency. Genes contribute to a trait, its genotype would have all this heredity information. Genes have two or more alleles. One allele might be the disease-causing variation. Heterozygous (two different allele) and homozygous (identical allele) has a dominant and recessive trait. Therefore, if one of the parents has the disease-causing allele that is dominant, then the child would inherit the

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