A student's practical intelligence is determined by whether they grew up with a family that was wealthy, middle-class, or poor. In the essay, "The Trouble with Geniuses," Part Two, by Malcolm Gladwell, a sociologist named Annette Lareau proclaims that "There [is] only two parenting philosophies, and they divided almost perfectly along class lines. The wealthier parents raised their kids one way, and the poorer parents raise their kids another way  (Gladwell 102). Students that were raised in a more wealthier family had more of an extrinsic motivation whereas students raised from poor families had an intrinsic motivation. The wealthier parents were more involved in their children's lives, keeping them as busy as possible with many extracurricular activities. Middle-class parents talked things through with their children with negotiating. Children raised from poor families had to grow up and develop on their own without parental guidance. However, intelligence can be obtained no matter how wealthy your family was as someone grows up. The difference between growing up with a wealthier family than a poor family is the cultural advantages. Students that grow up from a poor family, will need to possess a growth mindset and develop on their own in order to become successful. This requires a lot of time and effort in order to become intelligent independently without parental guidance. In the article, "Brainology," by Carol Dweck, she states that "Those with a growth mindset were much more interested in learning" (Dweck para. 7). Lareau also mentions "one girl from a working-class family," Katie Brindle "sang in a choir after school. But she signed up for it herself and walked to choir practice on her own" (Gladwell 103). This shows that Katie has a passion for her talent and possesses intrinsic motivation because her parents are not as involved in her life as other wealthy parents are. This kind of motivation is what leads to a growth mindset. Additionally, children who are just like her are more well-behaved, complain less, more creative and are more independent. In the short essay "Papa, the Teacher," by Leo Buscaglia, he describes how his father was his role model figure. He taught his children to respect and value learning. "Papa had natural wisdom" [he] was the son of a dirt-poor farmer and the concept of "doing nothing was never a part of his life" (Buscaglia para. 1). In addition, he only possessed a fifth grade education. However, he was so invested in learning that he would learn a