Both the First and Second Reconstruction were created to put an end to racial discrimination. The First Reconstruction surfaced out of the chaos of the Civil War. It's goal was to create voting, political, and economic equality between Blacks and Whites. The second reconstruction is a term, given by C. Vann Woodward, that refers to the Civil Rights Movement. During the Second Reconstruction, the United States tried to remove racial discrimination and segregation, which was used by the whites southerners as an attempt to separate both races in every way and to have complete supremacy over the blacks. Segregation was also referred to as the Jim Crow Laws, which followed the "Separate but Equal  philosophy. Unlike the first reconstruction, the civil rights movement succeeded in its goals to end racial inequality and is thought to be the second reconstruction. The Second Reconstruction emerged during the flourishing 1950's with goals to put an end to the Jim Crow "separate but equal  laws, integration, and create a multiracial democracy. There were many attempts by Blacks to make a stand against segregation and social inequality. One in particular, is the famous act by Rosa Parks in the mid 1950's, where she refused to give up her seat to a white man on a Montgomery city bus. This lead to a city-wide bus boycott where after only a year, the bus companies gave in and removed segregation on their buses. Her stand against segregation led to many more movements such as the Nashville sit-ins during the 1960's, where blacks would sit in white sections in restaurants. Her stand against social inequality sparked a national protest to segregation and many still consider her the mother of the civil rights movement. As part of fighting for integration and equality, many people such as Booker T. Washington ignored segregation in the short run to focus on essentials such as education. As referenced in Freedom Road, "Education is like a gun  and