The ecological sustainability of contemporary and traditional management practices is evident through the case studies, the coastal dune system and Tropical rainforests. The effectiveness and nature of the management practices determine the ecological sustainability of the ecosystems at risk. Coastal dune system’s traditional management was centred on Aboriginal spirituality. The nature of the Aboriginal lifestyle to protect and conserve their environment provided effective management practices for ecological sustainability because they only took what they needed and minimal damage was done to the ecosystem. The Booderee National Park utilises these traditional management practice through the acts, “Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Act” 1999 and the “Aboriginal Jervis Bay Land grant act” 1986. This allows for ecological sustainability in the region through allowing the Koori culture to maintain its traditional management practices on the coastal dune ecosystem. Through the conservation nature of the traditional management practices of the Koori culture. The traditional management practices in Booderee National Park maintain ecological sustainability through the nature of the Koori management practices which does not damage any of the biophysical interactions and strengthens the plant succession process on the dune system. Traditional management of tropical rainforests includes the process of slash and burn. This involves the burning of small areas the tropical rainforests and giving them time to regenerate. The small scale of this traditional management practice made it effective in achieving ecological sustainability because it allowed the tropical rainforest to regenerate. This occurred in the areas of the Amazon and Solomon Islands and through the small scale of this practice, the tropical rainforest regenerated stronger and became more resilient to natural stress. However, through the nature of his traditi