The brain is a very difficult area to study because of the many aspects of the mind. This includes the biology, chemistry, and then there's the mental process. The study of the mental function and behaviors of the mind is known as psychology. However, psychology can be further broken down into different branches. Some branches include behaviorism, humanism, psychoanalysis, and cognition. Each theory founded by different theorist by means of experiments and research. Behaviorism is also known as behavioral psychology. This is he theory that all behaviors are obtained through conditioning. Condition happens through the means of interaction with ones environment. This aspect of psychology believes that responses to the environment structure behaviors. Operant conditioning is one of the two subgroups of conditioning. Operant conditioning, also known as instrumental conditioning, is a method of learning through rewards or consequences for behavior. Any type of operant conditioning that strengthens or increases the behavior to occur again is known as reinforcement, and the type of conditioning that decreases the probability of the behavior recurring is known as punishment. Reinforcement outcomes can either be positive or negative. Positive occurs when a stimulus is presented succeeding a behavior in order for that behavior to continue occurring. An instance where positive reinforcement occurs is when a student hands in their homework on time and in response receives admiration from the teacher. Thus, the student decides to continuously hand the homework in on time. Negative occurs when the stimulus is removed succeeding a behavior in order for that behavior to continue occurring. Using the same example, instead of the student receiving admiration for homework being on time; the student is no longer criticized by the teacher for late homework. Both types of reinforcements result in the student wanting to hand their homework in on time. Punishment, just like reinforcement outcomes, can be either positive or negative due to the removal or addition of a stimulus. A positive punishment circumstance can occur is student get in a fight in school and as a result they receive a detention. Thus, the addition of the stimulus (detention) decreases the likelihood of the fight occurring again. A negative circumstance can occur if those students get in another fight except in this scenario they are not allowed to go on the next field trip. In this instance, the removal of a stimulus, the field trip, also decreases the chances of the fight to recur. Operant conditioning was invented by a famous behaviorist, B. F. Skinner. Skinner believed that one's thoughts could be not used to explain and justify behaviors; instead he felt that external and observable causes are the motives for behaviors. One major and well-known experiment conducted by Skinner is known as the Skinner box. The Skinner box is a chamber in which an animal would have to manipulate a latch or bar in order to obtain food or water. Therefore, the food and water served as the type of reinforcement for their behavior. However, the box was also redesigned in order to display different stimuli. Other stimulus as a result of behavior could vary from the dispensing of food, the turning on or off of lights, or even electrification of the floor. Different stimuli would allow data for different beh