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Fluctuations in Means of Communication

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The idea of an empire has existed as far back as the city state of Akkad in Ancient Mesopotamia and persisted in some form throughout the rest of human history. How does the complex entity that is the empire exist in our age of globalization and mass communication we live in? The modern empire is not one which achieves conquest not through brute force but seeks cultural, technological and corporal assimilation as a new form of imperialism. Although one cannot deny this spread may hold some positive effects the repercussions to traditions and cultural values of entire civilizations may be drastic. The integral force that is technology, has led us to redefine everything from our own biology, to how ideas are spread and even the loyalty we have to the nation we were born into. The possibilities and potential ways these new technologies can be used are limitless. This essay will seek to examine them through the analysis of the ideas of media theorists Harold Innis and Marshall Mcluhan. When Innis first conceived of the effects that technology were having on society he clairvoyantly predicted their prevalence in our lives and the role they serve in perpetuating government's control. Innis believed that the predominant medium within a society ultimately has a profound effect on it, imposing dominant hegemonic views on an unsuspecting populace, he states that "we must develop them along lines free from commercialism. 1 Although commercialism was already a prevalent part of Western society when Innis came to this conclusion (1950's), today advertising has expanded to the point that it occupies almost all urban space making his ideas even more relevant. Innis theories of how these mediums affect us were influenced media theorist Foucault, who stated that social pressure and technology is used to conceal the state's authority coining this concept as power/knowledge. Evidence of cultural expansion through technology can be found by examining the 1000s of indigenous languages each year that are being replaced them with English or other European languages.2 Few areas still remain untouched by the wave of globalization, in some ways all cultures are the product of an appropriation of ideas from previous civilization; even in the most isolated nation's evidence of this can be observed. A monopolization of knowledge is when a particular institution such as a government or a religious institution establishes total dominance over what should and should not be considered true. According to Innis those who are in a position to monopolize knowledge are there because they possess something distinct from other members in society; this may include being high up in a social hierarchy thus controlling resources/wealth, hav

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