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Overview of Classical Democracy

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Origin and Introduction Classical Democracy which is also known as Direct democracy has its roots in Greek city states like Athens, Sparta and Corinthia. Popular participation was firmly rooted in Classical Democracy. It drew heavily from Athenian form of Democracy. Athenian Democracy required continuous participation of all citizens in their city state, this lead to a form of government in which each citizen was qualified enough to hold office and if selected to do so by lot or rota. Athenian democracy can be described as a form of government by mass meetings .Officials were chosen by ballots the participation of citizenry. All important decisions were made by the assembly to which all citizens belonged. Hence Athenian Democracy was a system of direct democracy. It removed the need for a separate class of professional politicians and citizens themselves were able to rule directly, thus the distinction between government and governed and between the state and civil society was obliterated. Theory and Practice Direct democracy places al power in the individual's hands. When political decisions are made, all members gather together and individuals cast a vote. In theory, Classical democracy is the ideal form of government. There are no Intermediaries. Each person is equally treated, and each person can directly influence the policymaking process. In practice, however, this system is difficult to implement. In Athenian Democracy, Every citizen i.e. male of 20 years of age had the right to attend, to speak and to vote in the meetings of the Assembly which were held 40 times a year. Majority of vote influence the decisions and laws were made. Each of the citizen belonged to one of the Ten Tribes and every year 50 members were chosen from these tribes to set agendas for assemblies. Citizens could hold office for one year and only twice in lifetime. Small towns and indigenous communities where each person is known to other and where issues that are getting debated directly affect them then such arrangement is ideal. However, after expansion of size and increase in scope of policy areas, classical democracy can be unwieldy. But today's society can still have direct democracy and similar systems of ˜town-meeting democracy' continue to be practised at a local level in some parts of the USA, notably in New England, and in the communal assemblies employed in Switzerland. It

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