Definitions, representations and descriptions of intellectuals have always been numerous and various, depending on the factors and criteria of assessment. That has led to the rise of many questions: Who are intellectuals? Who do they address? Who and what do they represent? And how do they represent that?". These questions are to be answered based on Said’s essay “Representations of the Intellectual” in which he provides an eclectic view on intellectuals and their role in society that rests on the works of many writers such as Benda, Gramsci, Gouldner and many others. In his book, La Trahision des Clercs (the Treason of Intellectuals), Benda sees intellectuals as a small group of gifted individuals who represent the virtues and the “conscience of mankind”. He later divides them into two categories: Real Intellectuals and Traitors, hence the title. For him, real intellectuals do not seek any personal practical aims, but they are in a constant opposition to the status quo and they fight corruption and oppression despite the hazards they may face, which threaten their safety and even their lives. They also hold truths and justices beyond the material world. But this point was criticized because Benda did not reveal the source of these truths, which led to their comparison to Don Quixote’s illusions “Benda never suggests how it is that these men know the truth, or whether their blinding insights into eternal principles might, like those of Don Quixote, be little more than private fantasies”. As for traitors, they are intellectuals who cooperate with the government to spread its propaganda and endorse its policies. They do so by hiding the truth and conveying false messages instead. For the Italian Marxist Gramsci, intellectuals are individuals who are involved in both the production and distribution of knowledge, and based on this function, he divides them into Traditional intellectuals who perform the same tasks throughou