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Bullies and Their Victims

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Bullying has been defined as "intentional aggressive behavior repeated over a period of time, where there is a power imbalance between the person being bullied and the perpetrator" (Olweus, 1996). Picture yourself being victimized from a person who seeks to be stronger than you to make themselves feel better; or maybe you are the bully. Right now somebody is being bullied physically or mentally. In this essay, we will look at the definition of bullying, the different types of bullying, and the options for reporting bullying. Bullying among students at school has been shown to be associated with poorer social, physical, psychological, and academic outcomes for both the perpetrators and targeted students (Arseneault, Bowes, & Shakoor, 2010; Card & Hodges, 2008; Nansel et al., 2001; Wolke, Woods, Bloomfield, & Karstadt, 2001). Bullying has been defined as intentional and aggressive behavior repeated over a period of time, where there is a power imbalance between the person being bullied and the perpetrator (Olweus, 1996). Students involved in bullying have worse mental health outcomes compared to non-involved students (Kaltiala-Heino, Rimpelä, Rantanen, & Rimpelä, 2000; Wolke et al., 2001). Victimized students report higher levels of internalizing problems and lower social status. Importantly, acceptance in the peer group, having more friends, and friends able to assist and protect have been shown to be protective of victimization (Card & Hodges, 2008; Juvonen et al., 2003; Kendrick, Jutengren, & Stattin, 2012). People who bully are more likely to be involved in other problems, such as behavioral or criminal behavior, and are less likely to have pro-social behavior. There are many different types of bullying. Variations of bullying include verbal, threatening, physical, relational, and social. All of these types of bullying can happen not only online, but offline as well. Verbal name calling and teasing are used to intimidate

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