INTRODUCTION “The history of film cannot be credited to an individual. Each inventor added to the progress of other inventors, ending in progress for the entire art and industry. These achievements began with the creation of a machine that captured moving images that led to one of the most celebrated and unique art forms at the start of the 20th century.”[1]- Brian Manley PRECONDTIONS FOR MOTION PICTURES Magic lantern, an early version of slide projector used to project images that used a lens which allowed the light to pass through the lens and the image was projected in a dark room. The inventor of this magic lantern is considered, a Dutch scientist Charles Huygens. This equipment was purely used to entertain people. The latter, when the Magic lantern, entered united states in mid-19th century it became very famous and popular all over the country. The concept of motion picture did not start until 1872. First still photograph was on a glass plate by Claude niepce in 1826 but it required an exposure time of eight hours. For years they used metal or a glass plate for capturing the images, but exposure took several minutes. In 1839, Henry Fox Talbot introduced the first negatives that was made out of papers and at the same time it became possible to print the images on the magic lantern and project. For making cinema they were in need of a film that can run through the camera rapidly, which wasn’t possible with the glass films, these glass films can be used only for a very short span. By 1888, George Eastman invented a still camera that took photographs on a roll of sensitized paper. He named the camera as Kodak. The succeeding year, Eastman introduced the transparent celluloid roll film, which was a great revolution in cinema. MAJOR PRECURSORS OF MOTION PICTURES Many inventors have made very important contributions to motion picture. In 1878 Ex-governor of California, Leland Stanford requested Eadweard Muybridge to find a way for photographing the running horses. He used twelve camera, each camera was connected with other camera by a string and exposure was set in one-thousandth of a second. Muybridge mounted the photograph on the phenakitoscope and projected them with the help of a magic lantern. Inspired by Muybridge, studies a French physiologist Étienne Jules Marey in 1882, studied the flight of birds and other rapid movements of the animals by the means of photographic guns, she used the round glass plates for capturing the images that made a rotation in one second. In the same year Marey built a box type camera that used a film strip that captured the images at the speed of 120 frames per second. AN INTERNATIONAL PROCESS OF INVENTION The contribution of motion pictures was primarily from the United States, Germany, England and France. Thomas Alva Edison, who invented electric light bulb decided to work on the motion picture. He and his assistant W.K.L Dickson worked on the project called phonography which worked by recording sound in the cylinder. He later decided to work on the motion picture. He was inspired by the work of Marey, so he and his assistant went to Paris saw the instrument and they started designing the equipment. Dickson got Eastman’s Kodak film. By 1891 Kinetograph camera and kinetograph viewing machine was ready and