Vertical farming is the method of growing plants inside a building with more than one story (such as skyscrapers). The idea behind vertical farming is the utilization of space within a city to supply food to the people residing within. Older methods such as the conventional agricultural method will not be effective in supplying a growing population with food, especially with the UN’s estimated global population being 9.1 billion in 2050 (“Does It Really Stack Up?”). This particular method of farming is becoming increasingly popular in countries such as Singapore and in cities, including Chicago. Since Singapore imports 93% of all sold food (“The Singapore Vertical-Farms That Herald an Agricultural Revolution.”), the government is trying to promote entrepreneurs and explore new ways to provide cities with cheap and reliable sources of food. There are three limiting factors that need to be regulated in order to create a successful vertical farm: sunlight, water and carbon dioxide. Firstly, vertical farms do not rely wholly on sunlight, instead, they use LED (light emitting diodes) tuned to specific wavelengths of light that increase the rate of photosynthesis, to reach maximum efficiency of growth ("Advanced Aeroponic System | Vertical Farming | AeroFarms.”). Lights can also be adjusted, moving to different distances to increase the surface area of the leaves that light falls on. The light intensity is key to maximizing the rate of photosynthesis in plants, but it levels off, or plateaus, after a certain value of light intensity has been reached. At this point, the enzymes work as efficiently as possible. Using the right color of light is also important to the performance of enzymes in the plant. In vertical farms, soil is not used as a medium to grow plants, to avoid the contamination of manure and water ("Advanced Aeroponic System | Vertical Farming | AeroFarms.”). Insects and pests living in the soil also do not eat the