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Culture Counts by Roger Scruton

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In Roger Scruton’s book, "Culture Counts," he attempts to accurately define culture and examine where culture truly comes from. To establish an argument for why culture should even be deemed important, Scruton has to start out by designating what culture means. In his own words, culture is “the accumulation of art, literature, and humane reflection thatestablished a continuing tradition of reference and allusion among educated people.” This definition encapsulates a significantly wider scope than what anthropologist or sociologists might agree upon, but sets up a set of parameters that can be clearly indicated in history. That’s not Scruton’s only reason for providing his respective classification. By writing it, he sets up the reader to realize that there is a difference between culture and civilization. Scruton brings to light the public belief that culture and civilization can be used interchangeably is inherently incorrect. As he puts it, “Cultures are the means at which civilizations become conscious of themselves,” indicating that civilization and culture must work in tangent, and not as a substitute for one another, to shape the society that they structure. The other idea that Scruton addresses in the begin portion of this novel is finding exactly where culture comes from. He lists two main origins of culture: judgment and leisure. Scruton starts by saying that culture comes for judgment because every monument and structure comes from comparison. Citizens of a culture choose and judge only what is worthy of their attention. This aesthetic judgment, in Scruton’s words, “distinguishes the realm of culture from the realms of science, religion and morality.” The next origin of judgment comes from leisure. According to Scruton, culture is created and enjoyed “in those moments or states of mind when the immediate urgencies of practical life are in abeyance.” Leisure and activity that we dedicate to ourselve

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