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Mark Twain - What is Man?

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Baron D`Holbach explained the world in the view of determinism where humans were not free but they were controlled by Nature. He believed that people are more likely to be under other influences rather than be the master of our own destiny. In the book The System of Nature, D’Holbach quotes that “Man, then, is not a free agent in anyone instant of his life.” This states that humans are always influenced by others and the environment from where they are born. Mark Twain has many similar aspect in the dialogue of “WHAT IS MAN” to the philosophy of Baron D’Holbach. The story develops as the young man and the old man converse on whether human beings is merely a machine or something more. There were mainly two aspects where it was relating to D’Holbach which are that humans are machines, and why people believe they are free. The story starts off by stating what are the materials of which make up steam engines and what reasons do they have for their existence. The Old Man is using this example to illustrate that everything have value but cannot be more that its limit which is easier to state in the view of material objects. Old Man strongly believes that human is the machine whom originates nothing but moves, directed, and commanded by exterior influences only. This is similar to the thoughts of Baron D’Holbach where he also believed that the human is a part of nature, and because there is no free will in the behavior of matter, there is none in nature and in humans. In his book, it states that humans act according to the necessary laws, Mother Nature, without the human himself having no means of emancipating. Humans are no more than just a parts of nature where everything is determined by determinism. In addition, the Old Man claims that humans’ actions all comes from the outside and not from the inner part of themselves. In exemplifying his meaning, Old Man brings in the historically famous writer Shakespeare’s artwork as imitations. He says that Shakespeare only portrayed people as GOD created people with a little bit of outside influences, experiences which framed patterns for the ideas. However, Shakespeare’s wonderful stories would have not been in

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