In the past agriculture was done naturally without the use of chemicals that have characterized the modern farming. The concept of chemical farming started in Germany and has been propagated throughout the world currently. The current method of agriculture has been characterized by extensive use of chemicals in the agricultural land. The big question is the effect of the use of chemicals on agricultural land. This paper tries to examine the effect of using chemical on agriculture. (Allen, 1994) The most extensively used chemicals in agriculture are the fertilizers and the pesticides and the weed control. This paper will examine both of them to deduce their impact on agriculture. Use of Fungicides and Pesticides Fungicides are used in the control of weeds. Fungicides are used in many parts of the world, currently the use of herbicides is about ninety percent in the world. Fungicides are in two types. There are those that are applied in powder form and there are those that are applied as spray. The sort of type that will be used depends on the effectiveness that wants to be achieved and the other factors. Reasons for Use Some of the reasons that make these fungicides to get used are firstly because it’s cheaper than using human labor. They therefore cut the labor costs. The second thing is the situations where it is absolutely impossible to use any other method. For instance in a wheat fields, only these fungicides can be used. Pests are best controlled using this method. This method also is known to produce some rapid outcomes that are desired. Other methods may take forever before they become effective, (Lutz, 1992). Shortcomings of Their Use First they cause bird poisoning. When this chemical is applied, we will have the birds still coming to get grass and pollen from the weeds. However, the pollen has already been poisoned. They eat these chemicals and they die. Animals are also known to get infected with these chemicals. This could be from eating of the poisoned plants. Sometimes, we have these chemicals applied and they get washed away by the rain. They are washed into rivers and streams. Sometimes they are also absorbed by the ground and they finally get infiltrated into the water sources, (Gray, 1980). When the animals go and drink from these water sources, they ultimately become unwell. Another effect is that they kill soil microorganisms. When these chemicals get into the soil, the earthworms eat them with the soil. They thus become poisoned and they die out. The adverse effect of this is that a consistent killing of the earth worms will eventually lead to their inexistence in the soil. If this happens the soils becomes not aerated and hence it become unfit for farming. Aeration in the soil is important to help the nitrogenous plants to decompose nitrogen into forms that the plants can use, (Peter, 1994). Rodents and other small animals also die out. Most of these small animals usually eat grass. When they eat the poisoned grass, they just die out. The repercussion of the death of these small animals goes beyond their demise. There the food chains of which these small animals are part of. If they get removed from the food chain, there are spaces and this leads other species to die out or others to multiply out. The ones that multiply may become so many that they start competing for the scarce resources. They also thus end up dying out. A continuation of this trend will ultimately lead to a decrease in the number of animal species. Some of the chemicals that are released by these pesticides get taken