Authors use distinct techniques to form a visualisation through literature, bringing a story to life. This allows the audience to feel affected by the situations in the texts, thus creating a deeper understanding and respect. John Misto the creator of the Australian play ‘The Shoe Horn Sonata’ retells the story of the Australian Nurses taken by the Japanese in World War II. Through the use of distinctive visual techniques, Misto is able to bring the characters and the events they experienced to life. Markus Zusak the creator of the film ‘The Book Thief’ set in Molching, Germany also during World War II, uses distinctively visual techniques to allow the audience to empathise with the film. The composers use techniques such as characterisation, dialogue, gesture, dramatic imagery, lightening and stage directions, to deliberately construct and shape the distinctively visual to affect the audiences response. In the play ‘The Shoe Horn Sonata’ John Misto reveals the unspoken story of the women captured and held prisoners by the Japanese soldiers in South East Asia. Misto has incorporated many factors that aids the distinctively visual. As the scene opens up Bridie is set up in the centre, the dim lightening, basic features, and minimalist background create the focal point to be around her, thus making evident that Bridie has a significant importance throughout the play. When Shelia enters the scene, there is an obvious divide between them. This is made visual through the women’s stance being separate from each other, only to share eye contact when directly making conversation, and their clothing. Bridie is dressed considerably nicer than Shelia, who wears very neutral colours and basic clothes, creating Bridie to be the more dominant character, and reflecting the personalities of the women. The clothing of the women does not relate to the situation, as it contrasts what they are speaking about, thus becoming a paradox. The techniques adding to the di