The mobile phone, also known as a cellular phone, cell phone or hand phone is a device which is able to make and receive calls wirelessly using a radio link. Mobile phones have drastically changed the way we live and work. It is unknown as to how many people operate a mobile phone however according to the UN there are roughly around 7.22 mobile phone subscriptions worldwide which is more than the human population. The first mobile phone call was made on April 3, 1973 by the Motorola employee Martin Cooper. The first mobile phone which was commercially available was released on September 21, 1983. The first mobile known as The Motorola DynAC 8000x weighed 2kg and cost $3,995. Since 1983 the mobile phone has changed significantly however the underlying principles of how the mobile operates have remained the same. Mobile phone’s fundamental components are a radio receiver and transmitter. Much like walkie talkies mobile phones can only transit a signal over a very short range. However what allows people to connect with others anytime and anywhere is through an arrangement of “cells”. Cells are hexagonal divisions of land which are each equipped with their own base station. These base stations are huge masts which are capable of picking up a mobiles phones weak signal. These base stations transform the the phones signal to a much stronger signal and relay this to the base station closest to the person you are contacting. This signal may go through a number of base stations in order for it too reach the person at the other end. each cells transmits in a different set of frequencies in order to avoid interference from neighboring cells. At the final base station the signal is emitted and the receivers phone picks up the signal and they are connected. The division cells allows frequency reuse across a city. This means that lots of people can use cell phones simultaneously. On an analog provider which is typically referred to as 1G