For years, scientists have been using animals to test products on in order to see if the product is fit for human consumption. This all started when autopsies became outlawed. In the second century A.D., a Roman physician named Galen started to test on animals. Galen thought that animals were mostly made up the same way that humans were. During the 1600s - 1800s, when there weren’t many facts about physiology, people used animals to learn about basic organs, since humans and mammals share many of the same traits. We need to put a stop to animal testing and experimentation because just because it works on an animal doesn’t mean it will for humans. According to NAVS (National Anti-Vivisection Society), it can actually be considered hazardous to use products that were tested on animals on humans ( http://www.navs.org/science/failure-of-the-animal-model). Some examples of testing that worked for animals but not humans include thalidomide and penicillin. Thalidomide was a drug used as a way to treat morning sickness in pregnant women during the 1950’s. It was tested on animals and worked, but when given to pregnant women, there were over 10,000 cases of birth defects. On the other hand, penicillin was ineffective when tested on animals, yet people use penicillin all the time to cure bacterial infections. There are also many times when the animals are mistreated and abused in laboratories. In a malaria study at Emory University, a four year-old monkey was infected and after nine days he had symptoms of severe malaria; wasn’t eating and had a high heart rate. Ten days after the monkey was infected, he had pale mucous membranes, a severe heart murmur, severe anemia, and purple spots all over his body. Twelve days after being infected, he didn’t want use his hands and developed gangrene (dead tissue caused by an infection or lack of blood flow) on his fingertips and tail. It took fourteen days before the monkey was euthanized. (Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. (2007). 76(4), 64