I shall discuss the contributing factors that led to the rise and decline of Europe’s demography from the years one thousand to thirteen hundred forty five. I shall also discuss how the Black Plague struck Europe, how Europeans responded to it, along with how and why society seemed to become divided. In the year one thousand, the European population was roughly 38,500,000 people. If we look 345 years later, we see that the population of Europe had nearly doubled. Europe had increased its population by thirty four million five hundred thousand people. The only way this could occur would be if the amount of land that Europeans farmed could support that many people. Through those 345 years, the surplus of food that was being produced slowly began to diminish, which could be assumed by looking at the figures I have provided. The way that farmers at the time chose to increase production of crops was a technique called, “three field rotation,” which involved changing the location/field that a particular crop was planted in. The farmer would switch the location of one crop with another the following year, therefore it wouldn’t take all the nutrients from the soil needed to grow other things. By using this technique, farmers increased production of food, along with being able to get longer use out of the land they farmed. Despite all of the European farmers’ efforts to produce enough food for the rapidly growing population, they sadly could not supply everyone’s need for food and control the weather at the same time. Europe experienced a large climatic shift in temperature. The shift was a tremendous decrease which led to the farmers not being able to produce enough food for everyone. This eventually led to “The Great Famine”, which occurred in the year thirteen hundred fifteen. During this terrible tragedy, roughly ten percent of all Europeans died. Approximately twenty two years after that dreadful famine took place, The Hundred Years War began