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Why Americans Stopped Voting

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Voter turnout for the 2014 midterm election was the lowest since World War II in 1942. Only 36.4% of eligible voters casted their votes this election (DelReal). Voter participation has been a problem the early twentieth century. America won the revolution and broke its ties with Britain’s monarchical ways for very specific reasons. Reasons clearly stated in the Declaration of Independence (Jefferson 259-267). The American people wanted a government that protected their rights and gave them the ability to select someone who represented them best to lead them. The ability to vote on our representatives and add or changes laws is what America started for. Low voter turnout is preventing any sort of change in our government system. Voter turnout can be split into two problems- attitude and accessibility. Voting is a key part in the democratic system and it is important to address and attempt to reform the system to benefit the citizens of the United States. When the Constitution was ratified in 1787, the voting policies and presidential regulations were set. According to section two of Article two of the Constitution, in order to be a president her or she must be over 35, a natural born U.S. citizen, and must have lived in the United States for at least fourteen years ("The Constitution of the United States " 85). If the president meets the requirements, he or she is allowed to run for office. The first thing a candidate usually does is develop a political action committee to help the candidate to come up with and plan their political campaign. In these beginning steps, the candidate needs to make sure he or she appeals nationwide and can afford the extremely expensive campaigns. After finalizing the decision to run for president and when you start to receive donations or start to spend money in excess of $5,000, the candidate must register with the Federal Election Commission. After registering you must declare your candidacy publicly. Primary elections are held in which the candidate must then win delegate support. The candidate must compete with other candidates in the same party in hopes of wining their party’s nomination at the national party convention. Once chosen by their party, the candidate campaigns throughout the country in hopes of gaining the support of the general population. The general election is held where the people vote for the president and then the Electoral College casts its vote. If elected, the President is inaugurated on January 20th and is sworn into office (Euchner and Maltese). Many say they don’t vote because they feel their vote does not count. The Electoral College makes it seem that way. The Electoral College is explained in article two of the Constitution ("The Constitution of the United States " 87). This system is an example of the how our government is an indirect democracy. In other words, we do not directly chose our president. One reason why the Electoral College was developed was because of the Antifederalist and the Federalist debates- whether or not the states or government should have more power. This system is a compromise for the two (Euchner and Maltese). So, how does the Electoral College works? Each state is given a certain amount electors based on population and then two more for the Senators (Euchner and Maltese). For example, New York has 31, California has 55, and Wyoming has 3. The problem with the Electoral College is, for example, the state of New York votes for Obama, the electors, the people who represent New York, don’t necessarily have to vote for Obama, they can vote for who ever they want. Though this may seem unfair, this is another reason why this system was developed. A fear of the founding fathers was that if the all the power was in the hands of the people, the uneducated and the poor will have too much of it and therefore pick an unsuitable leader. As a result, a great deal of power is given to the educated and the elite. This system can be seen as flawed because, as seen on four occasions, the people voted, for example, for candidate ‘x’, while the electoral college voted for candidate ‘y’, and candidate ‘y’ one. The first time this happened was in 1824 for the John Quincy Adams and the Andrew Jackson election. Jackson received 151,271 popular votes while Adams only received 113,122. Jackson one the electoral votes winning 99 votes to 84. Because Jackson did not win the majority in the Electoral College the decision went the House of Representatives that decided Adams will be president ("U. S. Electoral College: Historical Election Results 1789-1996"). A more recent example is in 2000 election between George W. Bush and Al Gore. Al Gore won the popular vote by about 540,000 votes but Bush won the electoral vote and won the election becoming the 43rd president ("U. S. Electoral College"). Although, the Electoral College may make it seem like your vote doesn’t count, it is still extremely important that everyone

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